Security researcher Aviv Raff says that, when a server returns a 401 status code, Firefox displays an authentication dialogue box. The 401 code is returned when the server recognizes that the HTTP data stream sent by a browser is correct, but the access requires further authentication.
Raff says it is possible for an attacker to create a bogus frame that would look exactly as if authentication dialog came from a trusted website. This is possible because Firefox fails to separate single spaces and quotes in www-authenticate header field after a legitimate realm value enclosed in double quotes has been given.
This gives attackers two possible options: one is to create a web page with a link to a trusted site such as a bank, and the other is to embed an image in an e-mail or web page, which then would return a specially crafted dialogue login when clicked on. Both methods allows username and password details to be compromised. Mozilla Europe refrains from any comments while investigating the matter.


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